親切 (shinsetsu) conjugation
kindness
親切 (しんせつ, shinsetsu) is a na-adjective. Na-adjectives behave like nouns. The word itself never changes — you conjugate だ/です after it, and you need な to put it in front of a noun.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~です) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 親切だ shinsetsuda | 親切です shinsetsudesu | The form you look up. Also the casual “is ~”. |
| Negative | 親切じゃない shinsetsujanai | 親切じゃないです shinsetsujanaidesu | “is not ~”. |
| Past | 親切だった shinsetsudatta | 親切でした shinsetsudeshita | “was ~”. |
| Past negative | 親切じゃなかった shinsetsujanakatta | 親切じゃなかったです shinsetsujanakattadesu | “was not ~”. |
| Te-form | 親切で shinsetsude | — | Links to the next clause: “~ and …”. |
| Adverb | 親切に shinsetsuni | — | Turns it into “~ly”, describing a verb. |
| Before a noun | 親切な〜 shinsetsuna〜 | — | How it attaches when it modifies a noun. |
| Conditional (~ば/なら) | 親切なら shinsetsunara | — | “if it is ~”. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 親切だったら shinsetsudattara | — | “if / when it is ~”. The everyday conditional. |
| Become (~なる) | 親切になる shinsetsuninaru | 親切になります shinsetsuninarimasu | “becomes ~” — the change-of-state form. |
| Too much (~すぎる) | 親切すぎる shinsetsusugiru | 親切すぎます shinsetsusugimasu | “too ~”. |
| Looks ~ (~そう) | 親切そう shinsetsusou | 親切そうです shinsetsusoudesu | “looks / seems ~” from appearance. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Na-adjectives behave like nouns. The word itself never changes — you conjugate だ/です after it, and you need な to put it in front of a noun.
See the full rules in the adjective conjugation guide.