飛ぶ (tobu) conjugation
to fly, to hop
飛ぶ (とぶ, tobu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 飛ぶ tobu | 飛びます tobimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 飛ばない tobanai | 飛びません tobimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 飛んだ tonda | 飛びました tobimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 飛ばなかった tobanakatta | 飛びませんでした tobimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 飛んで tonde | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 飛んでいる tondeiru | 飛んでいます tondeimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 飛びたい tobitai | 飛びたいです tobitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 飛ぼう tobou | 飛びましょう tobimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 飛べる toberu | 飛べます tobemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 飛ばれる tobareru | 飛ばれます tobaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 飛ばせる tobaseru | 飛ばせます tobasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 飛ばされる tobasareru | 飛ばされます tobasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 飛べ tobe | 飛んでください tondekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 飛ぶな tobuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 飛べば tobeba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 飛んだら tondara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.