過ごす (sugosu) conjugation
to pass, to spend (time)
過ごす (すごす, sugosu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 過ごす sugosu | 過ごします sugoshimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 過ごさない sugosanai | 過ごしません sugoshimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 過ごした sugoshita | 過ごしました sugoshimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 過ごさなかった sugosanakatta | 過ごしませんでした sugoshimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 過ごして sugoshite | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 過ごしている sugoshiteiru | 過ごしています sugoshiteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 過ごしたい sugoshitai | 過ごしたいです sugoshitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 過ごそう sugosou | 過ごしましょう sugoshimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 過ごせる sugoseru | 過ごせます sugosemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 過ごされる sugosareru | 過ごされます sugosaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 過ごさせる sugosaseru | 過ごさせます sugosasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 過ごさせられる sugosaserareru | 過ごさせられます sugosaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 過ごせ sugose | 過ごしてください sugoshitekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 過ごすな sugosuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 過ごせば sugoseba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 過ごしたら sugoshitara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.