述べる (noberu) conjugation
to state, to express, to mention
述べる (のべる, noberu) is an ichidan verb. Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 述べる noberu | 述べます nobemasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 述べない nobenai | 述べません nobemasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 述べた nobeta | 述べました nobemashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 述べなかった nobenakatta | 述べませんでした nobemasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 述べて nobete | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 述べている nobeteiru | 述べています nobeteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 述べたい nobetai | 述べたいです nobetaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 述べよう nobeyou | 述べましょう nobemashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 述べられる noberareru | 述べられます noberaremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 述べられる noberareru | 述べられます noberaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 述べさせる nobesaseru | 述べさせます nobesasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 述べさせられる nobesaserareru | 述べさせられます nobesaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 述べろ nobero | 述べてください nobetekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 述べるな noberuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 述べれば nobereba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 述べたら nobetara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.