驚かす (odorokasu) conjugation
to surprise, to frighten
驚かす (おどろかす, odorokasu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 驚かす odorokasu | 驚かします odorokashimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 驚かさない odorokasanai | 驚かしません odorokashimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 驚かした odorokashita | 驚かしました odorokashimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 驚かさなかった odorokasanakatta | 驚かしませんでした odorokashimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 驚かして odorokashite | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 驚かしている odorokashiteiru | 驚かしています odorokashiteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 驚かしたい odorokashitai | 驚かしたいです odorokashitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 驚かそう odorokasou | 驚かしましょう odorokashimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 驚かせる odorokaseru | 驚かせます odorokasemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 驚かされる odorokasareru | 驚かされます odorokasaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 驚かさせる odorokasaseru | 驚かさせます odorokasasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 驚かさせられる odorokasaserareru | 驚かさせられます odorokasaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 驚かせ odorokase | 驚かしてください odorokashitekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 驚かすな odorokasuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 驚かせば odorokaseba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 驚かしたら odorokashitara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.