敷く (shiku) conjugation
to spread out, to lay out
敷く (しく, shiku) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 敷く shiku | 敷きます shikimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 敷かない shikanai | 敷きません shikimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 敷いた shiita | 敷きました shikimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 敷かなかった shikanakatta | 敷きませんでした shikimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 敷いて shiite | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 敷いている shiiteiru | 敷いています shiiteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 敷きたい shikitai | 敷きたいです shikitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 敷こう shikou | 敷きましょう shikimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 敷ける shikeru | 敷けます shikemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 敷かれる shikareru | 敷かれます shikaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 敷かせる shikaseru | 敷かせます shikasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 敷かされる shikasareru | 敷かされます shikasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 敷け shike | 敷いてください shiitekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 敷くな shikuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 敷けば shikeba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 敷いたら shiitara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.