超す (kosu) conjugation
to cross, to pass, to tide over
超す (こす, kosu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 超す kosu | 超します koshimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 超さない kosanai | 超しません koshimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 超した koshita | 超しました koshimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 超さなかった kosanakatta | 超しませんでした koshimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 超して koshite | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 超している koshiteiru | 超しています koshiteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 超したい koshitai | 超したいです koshitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 超そう kosou | 超しましょう koshimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 超せる koseru | 超せます kosemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 超される kosareru | 超されます kosaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 超させる kosaseru | 超させます kosasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 超させられる kosaserareru | 超させられます kosaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 超せ kose | 超してください koshitekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 超すな kosuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 超せば koseba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 超したら koshitara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.