腰掛ける (koshikakeru) conjugation
to sit (down)
腰掛ける (こしかける, koshikakeru) is an ichidan verb. Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 腰掛ける koshikakeru | 腰掛けます koshikakemasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 腰掛けない koshikakenai | 腰掛けません koshikakemasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 腰掛けた koshikaketa | 腰掛けました koshikakemashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 腰掛けなかった koshikakenakatta | 腰掛けませんでした koshikakemasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 腰掛けて koshikakete | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 腰掛けている koshikaketeiru | 腰掛けています koshikaketeimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 腰掛けたい koshikaketai | 腰掛けたいです koshikaketaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 腰掛けよう koshikakeyou | 腰掛けましょう koshikakemashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 腰掛けられる koshikakerareru | 腰掛けられます koshikakeraremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 腰掛けられる koshikakerareru | 腰掛けられます koshikakeraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 腰掛けさせる koshikakesaseru | 腰掛けさせます koshikakesasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 腰掛けさせられる koshikakesaserareru | 腰掛けさせられます koshikakesaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 腰掛けろ koshikakero | 腰掛けてください koshikaketekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 腰掛けるな koshikakeruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 腰掛ければ koshikakereba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 腰掛けたら koshikaketara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.