蹴る (keru) conjugation
to kick
蹴る (ける, keru) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 蹴る keru | 蹴ります kerimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 蹴らない keranai | 蹴りません kerimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 蹴った ketta | 蹴りました kerimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 蹴らなかった keranakatta | 蹴りませんでした kerimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 蹴って kette | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 蹴っている ketteiru | 蹴っています ketteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 蹴りたい keritai | 蹴りたいです keritaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 蹴ろう kerou | 蹴りましょう kerimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 蹴れる kereru | 蹴れます keremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 蹴られる kerareru | 蹴られます keraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 蹴らせる keraseru | 蹴らせます kerasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 蹴らされる kerasareru | 蹴らされます kerasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 蹴れ kere | 蹴ってください kettekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 蹴るな keruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 蹴れば kereba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 蹴ったら kettara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.