限る (kagiru) conjugation
to restrict, to limit, to confine
限る (かぎる, kagiru) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 限る kagiru | 限ります kagirimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 限らない kagiranai | 限りません kagirimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 限った kagitta | 限りました kagirimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 限らなかった kagiranakatta | 限りませんでした kagirimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 限って kagitte | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 限っている kagitteiru | 限っています kagitteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 限りたい kagiritai | 限りたいです kagiritaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 限ろう kagirou | 限りましょう kagirimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 限れる kagireru | 限れます kagiremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 限られる kagirareru | 限られます kagiraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 限らせる kagiraseru | 限らせます kagirasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 限らされる kagirasareru | 限らされます kagirasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 限れ kagire | 限ってください kagittekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 限るな kagiruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 限れば kagireba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 限ったら kagittara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.