余る (amaru) conjugation
to be left over, to be in excess
余る (あまる, amaru) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 余る amaru | 余ります amarimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 余らない amaranai | 余りません amarimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 余った amatta | 余りました amarimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 余らなかった amaranakatta | 余りませんでした amarimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 余って amatte | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 余っている amatteiru | 余っています amatteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 余りたい amaritai | 余りたいです amaritaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 余ろう amarou | 余りましょう amarimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 余れる amareru | 余れます amaremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 余られる amarareru | 余られます amararemasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 余らせる amaraseru | 余らせます amarasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 余らされる amarasareru | 余らされます amarasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 余れ amare | 余ってください amattekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 余るな amaruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 余れば amareba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 余ったら amattara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.