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代わりに(かわりに) — “instead of, in exchange for”

JLPT N3 Connecting Ideas

Substitutes one thing for another, or offers something in return for it

Noun + の + 代わりに, or a plain-form clause + 代わりに, says one thing takes the place of another — either as a substitute (“instead of X, Y”) or as something given in exchange (“in return for X, Y”).

How to form it

PatternExample
Noun + の + 代わりに砂糖の代わりにはちみつを使う — Use honey instead of sugar
Plain form + 代わりに手伝ってあげる代わりに、お菓子をもらった — I got a snack in exchange for helping out

Example sentences

JapaneseReadingMeaning
ばたーのかわりにおりーぶおいるをつかいました。
bata-nokawariniori-buoiruwotsukaimashita。
I used olive oil instead of butter.
きょうはいもうとのかわりに、わたしがりょうりをつくります。
kyouhaimoutonokawarini、watashigaryouriwotsukurimasu。
Today I'll cook in my sister's place.
てつだうかわりに、ゆうしょくをごちそうしてもらった。
tetsudaukawarini、yuushokuwogochisoushitemoratta。
In exchange for helping out, I was treated to dinner.

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Watch out

代わりに can mean either a straight substitute or a fair exchange depending on context — if the sentence could be misread, an extra clause (お礼に, 恩返しとして) can make the “in exchange for” meaning explicit.

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