打つ (utsu) conjugation
to hit, to strike
打つ (うつ, utsu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 打つ utsu | 打ちます uchimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 打たない utanai | 打ちません uchimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 打った utta | 打ちました uchimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 打たなかった utanakatta | 打ちませんでした uchimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 打って utte | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 打っている utteiru | 打っています utteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 打ちたい uchitai | 打ちたいです uchitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 打とう utou | 打ちましょう uchimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 打てる uteru | 打てます utemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 打たれる utareru | 打たれます utaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 打たせる utaseru | 打たせます utasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 打たされる utasareru | 打たされます utasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 打て ute | 打ってください uttekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 打つな utsuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 打てば uteba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 打ったら uttara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.