損う (sokonau) conjugation
to harm, to hurt
損う (そこなう, sokonau) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 損う sokonau | 損います sokonaimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 損わない sokonawanai | 損いません sokonaimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 損った sokonatta | 損いました sokonaimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 損わなかった sokonawanakatta | 損いませんでした sokonaimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 損って sokonatte | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 損っている sokonatteiru | 損っています sokonatteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 損いたい sokonaitai | 損いたいです sokonaitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 損おう sokonaou | 損いましょう sokonaimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 損える sokonaeru | 損えます sokonaemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 損われる sokonawareru | 損われます sokonawaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 損わせる sokonawaseru | 損わせます sokonawasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 損わされる sokonawasareru | 損わされます sokonawasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 損え sokonae | 損ってください sokonattekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 損うな sokonauna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 損えば sokonaeba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 損ったら sokonattara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.