親しむ (shitashimu) conjugation
to be intimate with, to befriend
親しむ (したしむ, shitashimu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 親しむ shitashimu | 親しみます shitashimimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 親しまない shitashimanai | 親しみません shitashimimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 親しんだ shitashinda | 親しみました shitashimimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 親しまなかった shitashimanakatta | 親しみませんでした shitashimimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 親しんで shitashinde | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 親しんでいる shitashindeiru | 親しんでいます shitashindeimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 親しみたい shitashimitai | 親しみたいです shitashimitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 親しもう shitashimou | 親しみましょう shitashimimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 親しめる shitashimeru | 親しめます shitashimemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 親しまれる shitashimareru | 親しまれます shitashimaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 親しませる shitashimaseru | 親しませます shitashimasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 親しまされる shitashimasareru | 親しまされます shitashimasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 親しめ shitashime | 親しんでください shitashindekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 親しむな shitashimuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 親しめば shitashimeba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 親しんだら shitashindara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.