咲く (saku) conjugation
to bloom
咲く (さく, saku) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 咲く saku | 咲きます sakimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 咲かない sakanai | 咲きません sakimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 咲いた saita | 咲きました sakimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 咲かなかった sakanakatta | 咲きませんでした sakimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 咲いて saite | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 咲いている saiteiru | 咲いています saiteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 咲きたい sakitai | 咲きたいです sakitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 咲こう sakou | 咲きましょう sakimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 咲ける sakeru | 咲けます sakemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 咲かれる sakareru | 咲かれます sakaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 咲かせる sakaseru | 咲かせます sakasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 咲かされる sakasareru | 咲かされます sakasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 咲け sake | 咲いてください saitekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 咲くな sakuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 咲けば sakeba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 咲いたら saitara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.