起きる (okiru) conjugation
to get up (e.g., from sleeping); to happen
起きる (おきる, okiru) is an ichidan verb. Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 起きる okiru | 起きます okimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 起きない okinai | 起きません okimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 起きた okita | 起きました okimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 起きなかった okinakatta | 起きませんでした okimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 起きて okite | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 起きている okiteiru | 起きています okiteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 起きたい okitai | 起きたいです okitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 起きよう okiyou | 起きましょう okimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 起きられる okirareru | 起きられます okiraremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 起きられる okirareru | 起きられます okiraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 起きさせる okisaseru | 起きさせます okisasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 起きさせられる okisaserareru | 起きさせられます okisaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 起きろ okiro | 起きてください okitekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 起きるな okiruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 起きれば okireba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 起きたら okitara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.
