眠る (nemuru) conjugation
to sleep
眠る (ねむる, nemuru) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 眠る nemuru | 眠ります nemurimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 眠らない nemuranai | 眠りません nemurimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 眠った nemutta | 眠りました nemurimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 眠らなかった nemuranakatta | 眠りませんでした nemurimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 眠って nemutte | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 眠っている nemutteiru | 眠っています nemutteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 眠りたい nemuritai | 眠りたいです nemuritaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 眠ろう nemurou | 眠りましょう nemurimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 眠れる nemureru | 眠れます nemuremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 眠られる nemurareru | 眠られます nemuraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 眠らせる nemuraseru | 眠らせます nemurasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 眠らされる nemurasareru | 眠らされます nemurasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 眠れ nemure | 眠ってください nemuttekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 眠るな nemuruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 眠れば nemureba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 眠ったら nemuttara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.