込む (komu) conjugation
to be crowded
込む (こむ, komu) is a godan verb. Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 込む komu | 込みます komimasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 込まない komanai | 込みません komimasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 込んだ konda | 込みました komimashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 込まなかった komanakatta | 込みませんでした komimasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 込んで konde | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 込んでいる kondeiru | 込んでいます kondeimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 込みたい komitai | 込みたいです komitaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 込もう komou | 込みましょう komimashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 込める komeru | 込めます komemasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 込まれる komareru | 込まれます komaremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 込ませる komaseru | 込ませます komasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 込まされる komasareru | 込まされます komasaremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 込め kome | 込んでください kondekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 込むな komuna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 込めば komeba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 込んだら kondara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Godan verbs change their final kana up and down its column of the kana chart — the a-row for negatives, the i-row before ます, the e-row for potential and ば.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.