固める (katameru) conjugation
to harden, to freeze, to fortify
固める (かためる, katameru) is an ichidan verb. Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 固める katameru | 固めます katamemasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 固めない katamenai | 固めません katamemasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 固めた katameta | 固めました katamemashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 固めなかった katamenakatta | 固めませんでした katamemasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 固めて katamete | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 固めている katameteiru | 固めています katameteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 固めたい katametai | 固めたいです katametaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 固めよう katameyou | 固めましょう katamemashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 固められる katamerareru | 固められます katameraremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 固められる katamerareru | 固められます katameraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 固めさせる katamesaseru | 固めさせます katamesasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 固めさせられる katamesaserareru | 固めさせられます katamesaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 固めろ katamero | 固めてください katametekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 固めるな katameruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 固めれば katamereba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 固めたら katametara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
🔊 Tap any Japanese word to hear it spoken.
Why it conjugates this way
Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.