含める (fukumeru) conjugation
to include
含める (ふくめる, fukumeru) is an ichidan verb. Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes. Every form below is tappable — hear it, then say it back.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~ます) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 含める fukumeru | 含めます fukumemasu | The form you look up. Also the casual present and future. |
| Plain negative | 含めない fukumenai | 含めません fukumemasen | “doesn’t / won’t”. From here it conjugates like an i-adjective. |
| Plain past | 含めた fukumeta | 含めました fukumemashita | The casual past — same ending as the te-form, with た/だ. |
| Plain past negative | 含めなかった fukumenakatta | 含めませんでした fukumemasendeshita | “didn’t”. The negative past, still i-adjective-shaped. |
| Te-form | 含めて fukumete | — | The connector: requests, linking clauses, ~ている. |
| Progressive (~ている) | 含めている fukumeteiru | 含めています fukumeteimasu | “is ~ing”, or an ongoing resulting state. |
| Desire (~たい) | 含めたい fukumetai | 含めたいです fukumetaidesu | “want to ~”. Behaves as an i-adjective. |
| Volitional | 含めよう fukumeyou | 含めましょう fukumemashou | “let’s ~” / “I think I’ll ~”. |
| Potential | 含められる fukumerareru | 含められます fukumeraremasu | “can ~”. What you could do; the object often takes が. |
| Passive | 含められる fukumerareru | 含められます fukumeraremasu | “is ~ed”. Also the honorific and the suffering passive. |
| Causative | 含めさせる fukumesaseru | 含めさせます fukumesasemasu | Make or let someone do it. |
| Causative-passive | 含めさせられる fukumesaserareru | 含めさせられます fukumesaseraremasu | Be made to do it — the long one. |
| Imperative | 含めろ fukumero | 含めてください fukumetekudasai | Blunt order. Use ~てください in real life. |
| Prohibitive | 含めるな fukumeruna | — | “don’t!” — dictionary form + な. |
| Conditional (~ば) | 含めれば fukumereba | — | “if ~”. General rules and hypotheticals. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 含めたら fukumetara | — | “if / when ~”. The everyday conditional. |
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Why it conjugates this way
Ichidan verbs are the tidy ones: drop the final る and add the ending. Nothing inside the word ever changes.
See the full rules on the verb conjugation guide.