Kanji Library
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なぜ / どうして — “why?”

JLPT N5 Core Patterns

Asking for a reason: どうして遅れたんですか — why were you late?

Both なぜ and どうして mean “why,” but どうして is the everyday spoken default, while なぜ sounds a touch more formal or written — closer to “for what reason” than どうして's more conversational “how come.”

How to form it

PatternExample
どうして/なぜ + plain form + んですかどうして遅れたんですか — why were you late?

Example sentences

JapaneseReadingMeaning
どうしてがっこうをやすんだんですか。
doushitegakkouwoyasundandesuka。
Why did you miss school?
なぜこのけっていをしたのか、せつめいしてください。
nazekonoketteiwoshitanoka、setsumeishitekudasai。
Please explain why you made this decision.
どうしてそんなにつかれているの?
doushitesonnanitsukareteiruno?
How come you're so tired?

🔊 Tap any Japanese sentence to hear it; kanji link to their study pages.

Watch out

Both words are usually followed by んです(か) rather than a bare です(か) — asking for a reason almost always calls for that explanatory んです ending, which softens what could otherwise sound like an interrogation.

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