痛い (itai) conjugation
hurt; painful; sore
痛い (いたい, itai) is an i-adjective. I-adjectives carry their own tense: drop the final い and the endings attach straight to the stem. No だ, no です needed to make a complete sentence.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~です) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 痛い itai | 痛いです itaidesu | The form you look up. Also the casual “is ~”. |
| Negative | 痛くない itakunai | 痛くないです itakunaidesu | “is not ~”. |
| Past | 痛かった itakatta | 痛かったです itakattadesu | “was ~”. |
| Past negative | 痛くなかった itakunakatta | 痛くなかったです itakunakattadesu | “was not ~”. |
| Te-form | 痛くて itakute | — | Links to the next clause: “~ and …”. |
| Adverb | 痛く itaku | — | Turns it into “~ly”, describing a verb. |
| Before a noun | 痛い〜 itai〜 | — | How it attaches when it modifies a noun. |
| Conditional (~ば/なら) | 痛ければ itakereba | — | “if it is ~”. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 痛かったら itakattara | — | “if / when it is ~”. The everyday conditional. |
| Become (~なる) | 痛くなる itakunaru | 痛くなります itakunarimasu | “becomes ~” — the change-of-state form. |
| Too much (~すぎる) | 痛すぎる itasugiru | 痛すぎます itasugimasu | “too ~”. |
| Looks ~ (~そう) | 痛そう itasou | 痛そうです itasoudesu | “looks / seems ~” from appearance. |
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Why it conjugates this way
I-adjectives carry their own tense: drop the final い and the endings attach straight to the stem. No だ, no です needed to make a complete sentence.
See the full rules in the adjective conjugation guide.