明るい (akarui) conjugation
bright (in reference to personality or weather); cheerful
明るい (あかるい, akarui) is an i-adjective. I-adjectives carry their own tense: drop the final い and the endings attach straight to the stem. No だ, no です needed to make a complete sentence.
Conjugation table
| Form | Plain (casual) | Polite (~です) | When you use it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictionary / plain | 明るい akarui | 明るいです akaruidesu | The form you look up. Also the casual “is ~”. |
| Negative | 明るくない akarukunai | 明るくないです akarukunaidesu | “is not ~”. |
| Past | 明るかった akarukatta | 明るかったです akarukattadesu | “was ~”. |
| Past negative | 明るくなかった akarukunakatta | 明るくなかったです akarukunakattadesu | “was not ~”. |
| Te-form | 明るくて akarukute | — | Links to the next clause: “~ and …”. |
| Adverb | 明るく akaruku | — | Turns it into “~ly”, describing a verb. |
| Before a noun | 明るい〜 akarui〜 | — | How it attaches when it modifies a noun. |
| Conditional (~ば/なら) | 明るければ akarukereba | — | “if it is ~”. |
| Conditional (~たら) | 明るかったら akarukattara | — | “if / when it is ~”. The everyday conditional. |
| Become (~なる) | 明るくなる akarukunaru | 明るくなります akarukunarimasu | “becomes ~” — the change-of-state form. |
| Too much (~すぎる) | 明るすぎる akarusugiru | 明るすぎます akarusugimasu | “too ~”. |
| Looks ~ (~そう) | 明るそう akarusou | 明るそうです akarusoudesu | “looks / seems ~” from appearance. |
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Why it conjugates this way
I-adjectives carry their own tense: drop the final い and the endings attach straight to the stem. No だ, no です needed to make a complete sentence.
See the full rules in the adjective conjugation guide.